Leukemia, lymphoid tumors and cancer is very common in our country and is fatal if not performed early detection and diagnosis of diseases. Treatment process is quite annoying and painful illness.
Leukemia (blood cancer) What is, how it occurs, who receives it?
Leukemia (blood cancer). On proliferation of normal cells in the blood, white blood cells, particularly as a result of emerging cancer shape High number of immature cells from the bone marrow to be replaced in normal and malignant cells, the loss in power and heat. To play a role in the coagulation of blood platelets and the number of leukocytes plays a role in the defense begins to fall. This is in patients with leukemia, injuries and heavily bleeding easier to see due to an infection of the patient. Weakened defense mechanism. In advanced stages of sickle red blood cells can cause difficulty breathing. In addition, weakness and fatigue, fever, some of the neurological symptoms, such as bleeding gums, inflammation and signs are also available.
Leukemia, the circulation of the production system of the body (the lymphatic system and bone marrow) cancers affecting.
As acute or chronic leukemia (divided into subgroups according to their appearance under a microscope) and are classified according to the characteristics of tumor invasion and growth. In general, acute childhood leukemia, chronic leukemia in adults and no more.
Depending on the cancer cells of the blood (myeloit, lymphoid, etc.) and depending on the duration of disease (chronic and had) There varieties. Some of the most rapid and bad programs. According to the types of childhood cancer are more common in other types of leukemia.
The exact causes of genetic and environmental factors is unknown, but is likely to play an important role. Somatic mutations in the DNA of cells, activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes causes. Thus, regulation of cell death and division damage. This causes damage to the outside of genetics, petrochemicals, radiation, carcinogens, and some viruses (such as HIV) is believed to be caused.
Leukemia, the circulation of the production system of the body (the lymphatic system and bone marrow) cancers affecting. As acute or chronic leukemia (divided into subgroups according to their appearance under a microscope) and are classified according to the characteristics of tumor invasion and growth. In general, acute childhood leukemia, chronic leukemia in adults and no more.
a-) Acute Leukemia
Acute leukemia experienced a continuous increase of the blood cells, and as a result always be healthy normal number of red blood cells. It also spreads to other organs in normal cells, the body can not function. Mature cell types on the basis of the classification of acute leukemia as the basis of:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): Normally, the mature blood cells called lymphocytes, become an immature blood cell type as a disorder characterized by lymphoblasts. Increases in the number of lymphoblasts and usually a large amount of this swelling can birikirek lymph nodes. ALL, the most common childhood cancer and leukemia in 80% of children under 15 are observed or ALL. Sometimes it can be seen in adults, but throughout the 50 years of age is extremely rare.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML): called myeloblasts and transform normal cells (red cells, platelets), anemia (anemia - a decrease in the production of red blood cells), and frequent infections (low white blood cell count) was been produced. Recognized at puberty and 20 years with 50% of leukemias, 20% of adults with AML in leukemias creates.
b) Chronic Leukemia
Chronic leukemia, apparently mature, but that may not have some normal mature blood cells is characterized by excessive production of blood cells. Chronic leukemia progresses slowly and the results were less dramatic. Basically, there are two sub-groups:
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLL): Mature apparently manifested by excessive production of lymphocytes in the bone marrow. The abnormal cells are not normal lymphocytes and mature, but as normal lymphocytes protect the body against infection. KLLde, cancer cells in the bone marrow and lymph nodes in the blood and lymph node swelling occurs found. Produces 30% of all leukemia CLL. Rarely seen under the age of 30, however, the frequency with age and is most common between the ages of 60-70. Hair (Hairy) cell leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but another source KLLden. It differs from KLLden, hairy cell leukemia, is often treated with medication.
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in this leukemia, mature search, but with loss of function of the myeloid cells (white blood cells) is caused by an excessive production. This continues until there are no over-production normal cells. Patients with chromosomal abnormality called the Philadelphia chromosome in patients with CML usually occurs. This disease is caused by a chromosomal abnormality in the gene believed to result in the production of an enzyme that causes. Make 20-30% of leukemias and CML are seen in adults between the ages of 25-60 was observed. In some patients, the disease can be treated with a bone marrow transplant.
Generally constitute 2% of all cancers, leukemias. Leukemia is the most common in men. In addition, more frequent in Caucasians. Children with leukemia in adults increases 10 times higher than the frequency of risk landings and diagnosed with age. It is most common in children under 4 years.
There is evidence that at least partially familiar leukemia, especially in certain types of CLL, the concentration has been observed in some families. Certain genetic disorders (Down's syndrome) can also be observed in some of the most common types of leukemia known. However, it was not definitive genetic risk and family. Myelogenous leukemia patients, ionizing radiation and benzene (in unleaded gasoline), studies show that exposure to contribute to disease development.
Leukemia (blood cancer) Symptoms:
Showing the progressive course of the disease symptoms, abnormal (malignant) forming organs arising as a result of blocking the production of normal cells. The anemia associated with a decline in the construction of normal red blood cells (anemia), as a result of the construction of normal white blood cells reduces the susceptibility to infection, occurring in a walk miİlerleyici symptoms abnormal (malignant) hematopoietic organs due to blockage of the production of normal cells. The anemia associated with a decline in the construction of normal red blood cells (anemia), reduced by constructing result of the susceptibility of normal white cells infections, infectious diseases and fever blood platelets involved coagulation (platelets) to a reduction in the construction of various bleeding (epistaxis, bleeding gums, bleeding under the skin, etc.) occurs. Frequently in skin spots or bleeding cut, hardly occur stopped.
Furthermore, some of the signs of disease in other organs of invading malignant cells and some are connected to secrete a variety of chemicals. All this rapid cell production and destruction, and the solder leads to weight loss. Grown in patients with inflammation of the spleen and lymph nodes is usually determined. It's a feeling of abdomen.
The first symptoms are often overlooked at the time, the flu or other common diseases during this period due to complaints benzer.Halsizlik disease, bone and joint pain, headaches, skin rashes, fall hair. krobik disease and fever, blood platelets are involved in blood clotting (platelets) with a reduction in the construction of various bleeding (nosebleeds, bleeding gums, bleeding under the skin, etc.) is performed.
Diagnosis
First, the patient's symptoms and physical examination are suspicious, and netleştirilebilir diagnosed by blood tests. Then bone marrow biopsy, a special blood tests and genetic tests can be performed.
In general, acute leukemia, chronic leukemia progresses more slowly. Typically 3-5 years later than usual for CML patients with AML occurs in a similar table.
A safe method of preventing leukemia is not currently known. However, genetic testing used in recent years people at high risk for developing leukemia to determine. First-degree relatives of patients with leukemia who are regularly until this period should, and physicians should have a blood test.
Leukemia (blood cancer) Treatment:
Treatment of the disease in recent years, a number of important processing steps for the reasons can not be done to identify bilinemediği removed. The main objective of the treatments currently used, is to eliminate the malignant cells. Types and stages of the disease varies according to the treatment schedules. Radiation (radiotherapy) treatment, the use of several cancer drugs, vaccines (or strengthen the immune system) therapy (immunotherapy) is a treatment for bone marrow transplantation Mayor. Bone marrow transplant crisis (attack) jumped on the person's own cells (autologous) or from a suitable donor cells (allogeneic) and can be granted. In addition to the many new forms of treatment, during the test, and gives positive results. The main reasons for patients kaybedilmelerinin, extreme weakness, infection, bleeding and organ failure due to the occupation.
Disease treatments applied to attack (attack) atlatılabilmektedir. However, sometimes short, sometimes many years after disease outbreaks occur again.
Hiç yorum yok:
Yorum Gönder